In January 2000 UVF Mid-Ulster brigadier Richard Jameson was shot dead by a LVF gunman which led to an escalation of the UVF/LVF feud. 206, 207, Ed Moloney, Secret History of the IRA, p.321, "Voices From the Grave:Two Men's War in Ireland" Ed Moloney, Faber & Faber, 2010 pp 417. [118] In the late summer and autumn of 1973, the UVF detonated more bombs than the UDA and IRA combined,[119] and by the time of the group's temporary ceasefire in late November it had been responsible for over 200 explosions that year. [84] The Independent Monitoring Commission stated Moffett was killed by UVF members acting with the sanction of the leadership. The Military Reaction Force, Military Reconnaissance Force or Mobile Reconnaissance Force (MRF) was a covert intelligence-gathering and counterinsurgency unit of the British Army active in Northern Ireland during the Troubles.The unit was formed during the summer of 1971 and operated until late 1972 or early 1973. John Harbinson, a Protestant handcuffed and beaten to death by a UVF gang on the Mount Vernon estate in north Belfast in May 1997 Catholic workmen Eamon Fox, 44 , a father of six, and Gary. Their campaign of violence quickly marked them out as one of the most extreme loyalist groups. When the Assets Recovery Agency won a High Court order to seize luxury homes belonging to ex-policeman Colin Robert Armstrong and his partner Geraldine Mallon in 2005, Alan McQuillan said "We have further alleged Armstrong has had links with the UVF and then the LVF following the split between those organisations." This is a timeline of actions by the Ulster Volunteer Force ( UVF ), an Ulster loyalist paramilitary group since 1966. [11] Many retaliatory attacks on Catholics were claimed using the covername "Protestant Action Force" (PAF), which first appeared in Autumn 1974. But it was destroyed because the loyalist is a Special Branch agent, it has . In October, UVF and UPV member Thomas McDowell was killed by the bomb he was planting at Ballyshannon power station. These included a number of UVF's commanders like Big Bill Campbell, head of the UVF in Scotland, and 3 of the McGurk's Bar bombers. [54] This was endorsed by Gusty Spence, who issued a statement asking all UVF volunteers to support the new regime. [99][100], On 4 March 2021, the UVF, Red Hand Commando and UDA renounced their current participation in the Good Friday Agreement. Fire engulfed the house next door, badly burning the elderly Protestant widow who lived there. [22] The group called itself the "Ulster Volunteer Force" (UVF), after the original UVF of the early 20th century. [114] Many retaliatory attacks on Catholics were claimed using the covername "Protestant Action Force" (PAF), which first appeared in autumn 1974. [86], On the night of 20 June 2011, riots involving 500 people erupted in the Short Strand area of East Belfast. The Volunteer Political Party (VPP) was a loyalist political party launched in Northern Ireland on 22 June 1974 by members of the then recently legalised Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF).The Chairman was Ken Gibson from East Belfast, an ex-internee and UVF chief of staff at the time. It was formed in late 1965 or early 1966 and named after the Ulster Volunteers of the early twentieth century. [46] This resulted in a sharp increase in sectarian killings and internecine feuding, both with the UDA and within the UVF itself. Along with the UDA, it helped to enforce the strike by blocking roads, intimidating workers, and shutting any businesses that opened. The Irish Army also set up field hospitals near the border. It declared a ceasefire in 1994 and officially ended its campaign in 2007, although some of its members have continued to engage in violence and criminal activities. Sam "Bo" McClelland (1966-1973) [28] Described as a "tough disciplinarian", he was personally appointed by Spence to. [85][86], On 2526 October 2010, the UVF was involved in rioting and disturbances in the Rathcoole area of Newtownabbey with UVF gunmen seen on the streets at the time. [31], The UVF had launched its first attack in the Republic of Ireland on 5 August 1969, when it bombed the RT Television Centre in Dublin. [159], There were also 66 UVF/RHC members and four former members killed in the conflict.[161]. (Thesis 2017). [84] Eleven months later, a man was arrested and charged with the attempted murder of the UVF's alleged second-in-command Harry Stockman, described by the Belfast Telegraph as a "senior Loyalist figure". He was shot dead by the IRA in November 1982, four months after his release from the Maze Prison. [37], In December 1969 the IRA had split into the Provisional IRA and Official IRA. [68], According to journalist and author Ed Moloney the UVF campaign in Mid Ulster in this period "indisputably shattered Republican morale", and put the leadership of the republican movement under intense pressure to "do something".[69]. The incumbent Chief of Staff, is alleged to be John "Bunter" Graham, referred to by Martin Dillon as "Mr. The arms are thought to have consisted of: The UVF used this new infusion of arms to escalate their campaign of sectarian assassinations. pytorch named_parameters grad; dr joel fuhrman net worth. The UVF's last major attack was the 1994 Loughinisland massacre, in which its members shot dead six Catholic civilians in a rural pub. John Bingham (loyalist) . [11] Whenever it claimed responsibility for its attacks, the UVF usually claimed that those targeted were IRA members or were giving help to the IRA. nurse practitioner specializations canada; sourate taha bienfaits; yesterday poem by patricia pogson analysis In 1972, the UVF's imprisoned leader Gusty Spence was at liberty for four months following a staged kidnapping by UVF volunteers. The no-warning car bombings had been carried out by units from the Belfast and Mid-Ulster Brigades. By the summer of 1916, only the Ulster and 16th divisions remained, the 10th amalgamated into both following severe losses in the Battle of Gallipoli. [22] Spence later wrote "At the time, the attitude was that if you couldn't get an IRA man you should shoot a Taig, he's your last resort". '[156], The UVF's satellite organisation, the Red Hand Commando, was described by the IMC in 2004 as "heavily involved" in drug dealing. Director: Oliver Hirschbiegel | Stars: Liam Neeson, James Nesbitt, Anamaria Marinca, Mark Ryder. The gunmen shot dead six people and injured five. [120] However, from 1977 bombs largely disappeared from the UVF's arsenal owing to a lack of explosives and bomb-makers, plus a conscious decision to abandon their use in favour of more contained methods. John Bingham Life & Death John Dowey Bingham (c. 1953 - 14 September 1986) was a prominent Northern Irish loyalist. The Ulster Volunteer Force emerged during the first sparks of Northern Ireland's Troubles in the mid-1960s. The largest death toll was on 3 March 1991 when the UVF killed IRA members John Quinn, Dwayne O'Donnell and Malcolm Nugent, and civilian Thomas Armstrong in the car park next to Boyle's Bar, Cappagh. [125], The UVF has killed more people than any other loyalist paramilitary group. Their weapons stock-piles are to be retained under the watch of the UVF leadership. We are heavily armed Protestants dedicated to this cause. They shot John Scullion, a Catholic civilian, as he walked home. "[97], In June 2017, Gary Haggarty, former UVF commander for north Belfast and south-east Antrim, pleaded guilty to 200 charges, including five murders. . [74], On 3 May 2007, following recent negotiations between the Progressive Unionist Party (PUP) and Irish Taoiseach Bertie Ahern and with Police Service of Northern Ireland (PSNI) Chief Constable Sir Hugh Orde, the UVF made a statement that they would transform to a "non-military, civilianised" organisation. One study focusing in part on female members of the UVF and Red Hand Commando noted that it "seem[ed] to have been reasonably unusual" for women to be officially asked to join the UVF. The Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF) is a loyalist paramilitary group in Northern Ireland.The current incarnation was formed in May 1966 and named after the UVF of 1912.. [22] The 'Paisleyites' set out to stymie the civil rights movement and oust Terence O'Neill, Prime Minister of Northern Ireland. [93] Much of the UVF's orchestration was carried out by its senior members in East Belfast, where many attacks on the PSNI and on residents of the Short Strand enclave took place. [147], Protestants in Canada also supported the loyalist paramilitaries in the conflict. The first Independent Monitoring Commission report in April 2004 described the UVF/RHC as "relatively small" with "a few hundred" active members "based mainly in the Belfast and immediately adjacent areas". Your job ad can make or break your candidates' decision to apply to your company. Is UVFs Beast in the East behind new wave of riots? [55] The hawks had been ousted by those in the UVF who were unhappy with their political and military strategy. [144] Supporters in Scotland have helped supply explosives and guns. [91], In July 2011, a UVF flag flying in Limavady was deemed legal by the PSNI after the police had received complaints about the flag from nationalist politicians. Aaron Edwards, who grew up in the Protestant working class community in North Belfast, blends rigorous research with unprecedented access to leading members of the UVF. These included the Miami Showband killings of 31 July 1975 when three members of the popular showband were killed, having been stopped at a fake British Army checkpoint outside Newry in County Down. John "Bunter" Graham (born c. 1945) is a longstanding prominent. During this time he restructured the organisation into brigades, battalions, companies, platoons and sections. The newspaper also reported that the group refused to decommission its weapons. Appletree Press, 1984. p.61. From late 1975 to mid-1977, a unit of the UVF dubbed the Shankill Butchers (a group of UVF men based on Belfast's Shankill Road) carried out a series of sectarian murders of Catholic civilians. [97] The Brigade Staff's former headquarters were situated in rooms above "The Eagle" chip shop located on the Shankill Road at its junction with Spier's Place. Sociologist Steven Bruce described the support networks in Canada as "the main source of support for loyalism outside the United Kingdom . Carson and Craig, supported by some English Conservative politicians . [8] Most of its victims were Irish Catholic civilians, who were often chosen at random. [76][77][78], In January 2008, the UVF was accused of involvement in vigilante action against alleged criminals in Belfast. More militant members of the UVF, led by Billy Wright who disagreed with the ceasefire, broke away to form the Loyalist Volunteer Force (LVF). Loyalists were successful in importing arms into Northern Ireland. [29], On 12 October, a loyalist protest in the Shankill became violent. [53] These men had overthrown the "hawkish" officers, who had called for a "big push", which meant an increase in violent attacks, earlier in the same month. Referring to its activity in the early and mid-1970s, journalist Ed Moloney described no-warning pub bombings as the UVF's "forte". [12] They always signed their statements with the fictitious name "Captain William Johnston". [35], In January 1970, the UVF began bombing Catholic-owned businesses in Protestant areas of Belfast. The initial aim of Ulster Resistance was to bring an end to the Anglo-Irish Agreement. In February, it began to target critics of militant loyalism the homes of MPs Austin Currie, Sheelagh Murnaghan, Richard Ferguson and Anne Dickson were attacked with improvised bombs. The information has been taken from the Sutton database of deaths, 1969-1998 Menu Introduction Alphabetical list of deaths Chronology of feuds [113] At other times, attacks on Catholic civilians were claimed as "retaliation" for IRA actions, since the IRA drew almost all of its support from the Catholic community. It claimed the pubs were used for republican fundraising. This move comes as the organisation holds high level discussions about their future. The biggest of these was the 1974 Dublin and Monaghan bombings, which killed 34 civilians, making it the deadliest terrorist attack of the conflict. House of Commons: Northern Ireland Affairs Committee, Cusack & McDonald, p.3435, 105, 199, 205, The Lost Lives, David McKittrick, Page 1475, Timeline of Ulster Volunteer Force actions, protests throughout Northern Ireland, some of which became violent, Provisional IRA campaign 1969-1997 Loyalists and the IRA killing and reprisals, Republic of Ireland national football team, Independent International Commission on Decommissioning, "Report drawn up on behalf of the Political Affairs Committee on the situation in Northern Ireland", https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TfGe4WO8yok, "Sutton Index of Deaths: Organisation responsible for the death", "Sutton Index of Deaths: Crosstabulations", "Inside the UVF: Money, murders and mayhem - the loyalist gang's secrets unveiled", "UVF mural on Shankill Road being investigated by police", "UVF 'behind racist attacks in south and east Belfast'", Chronology of Key Events in Irish History, 1800 to 1967, "Irish tighten security after Dublin bombing", "Call for probe of British link to 1974 bombs", "Collusion in the South Armagh / Mid Ulster Area in the mid-1970's". [84][85], On 28 May 2010, the UVF was severely criticised over the murder of Moffett. [49] A political wing was formed in June 1974, the Volunteer Political Party led by UVF Chief of Staff Ken Gibson, which contested West Belfast in the October 1974 general election, polling 2,690 votes (6%). [38] This came to a climax on 4 December, when the UVF bombed McGurk's Bar, a Catholic-owned pub in Belfast. [18][19] Some members have also been found responsible for orchestrating a series of racist attacks. The origins of the UDA lay in west Belfast with the formation of vigilante groups such as the Shankill Defence. "They are holding local communities to ransom. The vast majority (more than two-thirds)[9][10] of its victims were Irish Catholic civilians, who were often killed at random. [107] A British Army report released in 2006 estimated a peak membership of 1,000. The report added that individuals, some current and some former members, in the group have, without the orders from above, continued to "localised recruitment", and although some continued to try and acquire weapons, including a senior member, most forms of crime had fallen, including shootings and assaults. The largest death toll in a single attack was in the 3 March 1991 Cappagh killings, when the UVF killed IRA members John Quinn, Dwayne O'Donnell and Malcolm Nugent, and civilian Thomas Armstrong in the small village of Cappagh.
uvf members list
Publikováno 19.2.2023